Valve.



- No. 642,842. Patented Febjfi, I900.

C. GULLAND.

VALVE.

(Application filed Jan. 6, 1

(No Model.) 2 Shqets-Shaet l,

- llllllil No. 642,842. I Patented Feb. 6, I900.

c. GULLAND.

VALVE.

(Application filed Jan. 6, 1899.) (No Model.)

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UNITE CHARLES GULLAND, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

VALVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 642,842, dated February 6, 1900.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES GULLAND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburg, county of Allegheny, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Valves, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention is designed to improve the details of construction of the valve patented to me August 2, 1898, and, further, to provide means for initiallyadjusting the valve according to the pressure in the mains or the flow desired.

My invention is equally well adapted for use as a faucet-valve for domestic purposes, or in connection with a float to operate automatically by the rise and fall of the water in a tank, and may also be used with a stand and in innumerable other situations. The valve is capable of use in a horizontal position as well as when arranged vertically.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional view of a faucet having my invention applied. Fig. 2 is a modification showing a different form of faucet. Fig. 3 is a modification with the valve horizontally arranged. Fig. 4 is a rear view of Fig. 3, showing a float foroperating the valve automatically. Fig. 5 is a detail view of a spring pushbutton for causing the operation of the valve. Fig. 6 shows the invention as applied to supply a stand-pipe.

The invention includes, as in my former patent, a stationary piston or guide and a cap moving thereon adapted to control the discharge of water, the movement of the cap being regulated by a valve which may be operated positively automatically or positively in one direction to allow the water to flow and returned by a spring to cut off the flow. I find it unnecessary to use a diaphragm, as shown in my former patent, as a sufficientlyclose fit can be secured without this. It is also unnecessary to form a separate duct or passage from the pressure side of the valve to the space above the same, though this may be done when found desirable.

The faucet proper is shown at A, Fig. 1, with an outlet a and an inlet b. A web 0 divides the faucet and has a threaded opening to receive and support the threaded end of a stationary piston or guide d, projecting up into Application filed January 6, 1899. Serial No. 701,390. (No model.)

the cylinder of the faucet. Surrounding this piston and movable thereon is a cap '6, having a projecting peripheral portion f, which fits closely the inner wall of the cylinder. This portion f serves to receive the pressure ofthe water to move the cap to open the valve. The guide 01 is provided with openings g, preferably of V shape or tapering, so as to modify the flow of the water and prevent noise. As the water is turned on the cap rises, exposing first the contracted part of the opening, the larger part being gradually uncovered, and likewise in closing the gradual action prevents excessive and sudden strain and shock. I aim to provide for the control of the flow according to the pressure and to allow this regulation to be effected initially when'the faucet is set. To accomplish this, I insert within the piston or guide a cylinder h, adapted to fit the interior of the piston snuglyand having openings through its walls correspondin g to the openings 9 of the piston, and it will be seen that by turning the cylinder h to partially close the openings g the flow may be lessenedto any degree desired. Access may be had to the parts by removing the cap 2", taking out the cap 6, and the cylinder 72. may be adjusted through the open end of the piston or guide d.

The pressure of water is exerted to keep the valve-cap e closed by passing to the upper side thereof through a groove 7e, made in the wall of the cylinder. The valve 6 will remain closed as long as the pressure is maintained upon its upper side, and to relieve this pressure I provide a discharge or outlet from the upper side of the valve, as at Z, this being closed by a valve m. When this valve is op-' erated to uncover the opening Z, the pressure is relieved and the force of water immediately exerts its full force upon the peripheral portion f, forcing the valve up to uncover the openings in the piston and allowing the water to flow. The water discharged through the opening Z finds its way through a ductor passage 92 into the discharge of the faucet, and thus there is no waste.

In Fig. 2 I have simply shown the invention as applied to a different form of faucet, in which the inlet is from below instead of horizontally, as in Fig. 1.

In Figs. 3 and 4 the parts are arranged horizontally instead of vertically, and instead of a hand-operated valve I show a float 0, connected to and operating a lever p, which in turn controls the exitopening Z through a valve m In Fig. 6 an ordinary form of stand pipe is shown with my improved valve controlling the supply of water. The lever q is operated through a ring 'r, moved vertically by rods 3. A spring-pressed valve 15 controls the exit from the space above the valve, and this is operated positively by the turned-up end of lever g.

In Fig. 6 the construction provides for a cushion etfect, and to regulate and control this I use a vent-pipe 5, as in my former patent, leading from the space between the piston or guide and valve, and this pipe has a valve 6 at its lower end, which may be regulated to cause the action of the valve to be slow or quick, as may be desired.

The valve 25 of Fig. 6 is shown in detail in Fig. 5, this being in the shape of a push-button m, pressed outwardly by a spring, and in this position it closes the exit from the chamber above the valve, and the pressure keeps the valve closed. When the button is pressed inwardly, the passage from the pressure side is closed and the water from above the valve is allowed to flow out. This is a reversal of the action of Fig. 1, in which the valve is normally forced in to stop the flow and unscrewed to permit the flow, while when the push-button form is used the button is normally out to stop the flow and pushed in-' wardly to permit the flow. It will be seen that this construction present-s valve parts subjected to a minimum of wear and capable of being operated by the action of a simple.

controlling button or valve not connected with the valve proper. This makes the invention particularly valuable for use in connection with the lavatories of parlor-cars, steamboats, and the like, and by the use of the spring push-button a material saving of water is effected, as the water only flows while the button is pressed in.

I further add to the efficiency of the valve by making the openings through the tubular guide not only of V shape, butdispose them in dilferent relations to each other, so that the operation is still more gradual, one opening being uncovered after the other, this successive action being secured by the openings being arranged at different elevations in the walls of the guide. This is shown in Fig. 2, where the openings are one above the other. They may be arranged out of vertical line, if desired.

lVhat I claim is 1. In a valve, a valve-chamber, inlet and outlet openings therefrom, a central piston or guide having graduated openings therethrough and a movable valve guided by said piston and covering said openings with means for controlling the movement of the valve, substantially as described.

2. In a valve, a chamber, inlet and outlet openings therefrom, a guide or piston, a discharge-opening from the pressure to the outlet side of the chamber, means for adjusting the size of said opening to regulate the normal flow of fluid and a valve covering said opening with means for controlling the movement of the valve, substantially as described.

3. In a valve, a chamber, inlet and outlet openings therefrom, a guide or piston, an opening therethrough, a shell having a like opening and fitted to the piston and capable of being adjusted to diminish the size of the opening through the piston, a valve covering the opening and means for controlling the movement of the valve, substantially as described.

4. In a valve, a casing or chamber, inlet and outlet openings, a diaphragm within the casing having an opening, a piston or guide secured therein having openings through its walls and open at each end, a shell fitting the guide and having a like opening, said shell being adjustable to cut off more or less of the flow, a movable valve fitting the guide, and a removable cap for the casing, substantially as described.

5. In a valve, a casing or chamber, a piston or guide arranged therein, an automaticallyoperating main valve fitted thereto and held to its seat by the water-pressure, a passage for the water to the rear of the main valve, means for controlling the movement of the valve by draining the chamber above the same consisting of an independent escape duct or passage leading directly from said chamber through the casing to the main outlet and an independent valve for said escape-duct, substantially as described.

6. In a valve, a casing or chamber, inlet and outlet openings, a guide or piston, a valve fitted thereto and movable in relation thereto, and graduated openings in the wall of said guide arranged at different elevations so as to be uncovered in succession and thus make the action of the valve gradual without shock or strain, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES GULLAND.

Witnesses:

LENHURT RUPPER'I, JAMES SMITH. 

